Análisis e identificación de genes expresados diferencialmente entre juveniles y adultos de la tortuga caguama (Caretta caretta) relacionados con hipoxia y sistema inmune: Primera aproximación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22370/rbmo.2024.59.3.4869Palabras clave:
Hipoxia, sistema inmune, transcriptómica, anotación funcional, RNA-SeqResumen
Las diferentes condiciones que experimenta Caretta caretta durante su ciclo de vida, dada su longevidad y capacidad de migrar grandes distancias, se reflejan en cambios cuantitativos en la expresión de genes en los diferentes estadios, que pueden revelarse a través de análisis transcriptómico. Este estudio analiza la expresión diferencial de genes comparando transcriptomas de tortugas adultas y juveniles, enfocándose en genes relacionados con hipoxia y respuesta inmune. Se usaron secuencias de tortugas bajo cuidado profesional anidantes del Caribe colombiano, mapeadas y ensambladas empleando transcriptoma de referencia. Se cuantificó el nivel de expresión para el análisis diferencial y se realizó anotación funcional. Se identificaron 1.401 genes expresados diferencialmente (DEGs), con 507 sobre-expresados y 894 reprimidos en los adultos. Se anotaron funcionalmente ~40% de los DEGs, identificando 8.252 términos GO y 583 rutas KEGG, destacándose la respuesta inmunológica, el estrés oxidativo y el metabolismo de carbohidratos. En adultos, la tolerancia a hipoxia parece estar mediada por genes de respuesta al estrés oxidativo (CA3 y NKX3-1), mientras que en juveniles parece estar dada a genes de metabolismo de carbohidratos (ANGPTL4, HYI e IDH). Se observa una mayor expresión de respuesta inmunológica humoral en adultos (FAU, H2AJ y HA1F), y un mayor potencial de degradar compuestos xenobióticos en juveniles (CD69, CMBL y ETHE1). Las hipótesis planteadas basadas en la función y nivel de expresión de estos genes en cada estadio sobre las rutas metabólicas requieren investigación específica que considere variables no evaluadas en este estudio.
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